////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
//          VNG4 demosaic algorithm
// 
// optimized for speed by Ingo Weyrich
//
//
//  vng4_interpolate_RT.cc is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
//  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
//  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
//  (at your option) any later version.
//
//  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
//  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
//  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
//  GNU General Public License for more details.
//
//  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
//  along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#include "rtengine.h"
#include "rawimage.h"
#include "rawimagesource.h"
#include "rtgui/multilangmgr.h"
//#define BENCHMARK
#include "StopWatch.h"

namespace {

using namespace rtengine;

inline void vng4interpolate_row_redblue (const RawImage *ri, const array2D<float> &rawData, float* ar, float* ab, const float * const pg, const float * const cg, const float * const ng, int i, int width)
{
    if (ri->ISBLUE(i, 0) || ri->ISBLUE(i, 1)) {
        std::swap(ar, ab);
    }

    // RGRGR or GRGRGR line
    for (int j = 3; j < width - 3; ++j) {
        if (!ri->ISGREEN(i, j)) {
            // keep original value
            ar[j] = rawData[i][j];
            // cross interpolation of red/blue
            float rb = (rawData[i - 1][j - 1] - pg[j - 1] + rawData[i + 1][j - 1] - ng[j - 1]);
            rb += (rawData[i - 1][j + 1] - pg[j + 1] + rawData[i + 1][j + 1] - ng[j + 1]);
            ab[j] = std::max(0.f, cg[j] + rb * 0.25f);
        } else {
            // linear R/B-G interpolation horizontally
            ar[j] = std::max(0.f, cg[j] + (rawData[i][j - 1] - cg[j - 1] + rawData[i][j + 1] - cg[j + 1]) / 2);
            // linear B/R-G interpolation vertically
            ab[j] = std::max(0.f, cg[j] + (rawData[i - 1][j] - pg[j] + rawData[i + 1][j] - ng[j]) / 2);
        }
    }
}
}

namespace rtengine

{
#define fc(row,col) (prefilters >> ((((row) << 1 & 14) + ((col) & 1)) << 1) & 3)

void RawImageSource::vng4_demosaic (const array2D<float> &rawData, array2D<float> &red, array2D<float> &green, array2D<float> &blue)
{
    // Test for RGB cfa
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
            if (FC(i, j) == 3) {
                // avoid crash
                std::cout << "vng4_demosaic supports only RGB Colour filter arrays. Falling back to igv_interpolate" << std::endl;
                igv_interpolate(W, H);
                return;
            }
        }
    }

    BENCHFUN
    const signed short int *cp, terms[] = {
        -2, -2, +0, -1, 0, 0x01, -2, -2, +0, +0, 1, 0x01, -2, -1, -1, +0, 0, 0x01,
        -2, -1, +0, -1, 0, 0x02, -2, -1, +0, +0, 0, 0x03, -2, -1, +0, +1, 1, 0x01,
        -2, +0, +0, -1, 0, 0x06, -2, +0, +0, +0, 1, 0x02, -2, +0, +0, +1, 0, 0x03,
        -2, +1, -1, +0, 0, 0x04, -2, +1, +0, -1, 1, 0x04, -2, +1, +0, +0, 0, 0x06,
        -2, +1, +0, +1, 0, 0x02, -2, +2, +0, +0, 1, 0x04, -2, +2, +0, +1, 0, 0x04,
        -1, -2, -1, +0, 0, 0x80, -1, -2, +0, -1, 0, 0x01, -1, -2, +1, -1, 0, 0x01,
        -1, -2, +1, +0, 1, 0x01, -1, -1, -1, +1, 0, 0x88, -1, -1, +1, -2, 0, 0x40,
        -1, -1, +1, -1, 0, 0x22, -1, -1, +1, +0, 0, 0x33, -1, -1, +1, +1, 1, 0x11,
        -1, +0, -1, +2, 0, 0x08, -1, +0, +0, -1, 0, 0x44, -1, +0, +0, +1, 0, 0x11,
        -1, +0, +1, -2, 1, 0x40, -1, +0, +1, -1, 0, 0x66, -1, +0, +1, +0, 1, 0x22,
        -1, +0, +1, +1, 0, 0x33, -1, +0, +1, +2, 1, 0x10, -1, +1, +1, -1, 1, 0x44,
        -1, +1, +1, +0, 0, 0x66, -1, +1, +1, +1, 0, 0x22, -1, +1, +1, +2, 0, 0x10,
        -1, +2, +0, +1, 0, 0x04, -1, +2, +1, +0, 1, 0x04, -1, +2, +1, +1, 0, 0x04,
        +0, -2, +0, +0, 1, 0x80, +0, -1, +0, +1, 1, 0x88, +0, -1, +1, -2, 0, 0x40,
        +0, -1, +1, +0, 0, 0x11, +0, -1, +2, -2, 0, 0x40, +0, -1, +2, -1, 0, 0x20,
        +0, -1, +2, +0, 0, 0x30, +0, -1, +2, +1, 1, 0x10, +0, +0, +0, +2, 1, 0x08,
        +0, +0, +2, -2, 1, 0x40, +0, +0, +2, -1, 0, 0x60, +0, +0, +2, +0, 1, 0x20,
        +0, +0, +2, +1, 0, 0x30, +0, +0, +2, +2, 1, 0x10, +0, +1, +1, +0, 0, 0x44,
        +0, +1, +1, +2, 0, 0x10, +0, +1, +2, -1, 1, 0x40, +0, +1, +2, +0, 0, 0x60,
        +0, +1, +2, +1, 0, 0x20, +0, +1, +2, +2, 0, 0x10, +1, -2, +1, +0, 0, 0x80,
        +1, -1, +1, +1, 0, 0x88, +1, +0, +1, +2, 0, 0x08, +1, +0, +2, -1, 0, 0x40,
        +1, +0, +2, +1, 0, 0x10
    },
    chood[] = { -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, +1, 0, +1, +1, +1, +1, 0, +1, -1, 0, -1 };

    double progress = 0.0;
    const bool plistenerActive = plistener;

    if (plistenerActive) {
        plistener->setProgressStr (Glib::ustring::compose(M("TP_RAW_DMETHOD_PROGRESSBAR"), M("TP_RAW_VNG4")));
        plistener->setProgress (progress);
    }

    const unsigned prefilters = ri->prefilters;
    const int width = W, height = H;
    constexpr unsigned int colors = 4;

    float (*image)[4] = (float (*)[4]) calloc (static_cast<size_t>(height) * width, sizeof * image);

    int lcode[16][16][32];
    float mul[16][16][8];
    float csum[16][16][3];

    // first linear interpolation
    for (int row = 0; row < 16; row++)
        for (int col = 0; col < 16; col++) {
            int * ip = lcode[row][col];
            int mulcount = 0;
            float sum[4] = {};

            for (int y = -1; y <= 1; y++)
                for (int x = -1; x <= 1; x++) {
                    int shift = (y == 0) + (x == 0);

                    if (shift == 2) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    int color = fc(row + y, col + x);
                    *ip++ = (width * y + x) * 4 + color;

                    mul[row][col][mulcount] = (1 << shift);
                    *ip++ = color;
                    sum[color] += (1 << shift);
                    mulcount++;
                }

            int colcount = 0;

            for (unsigned int c = 0; c < colors; c++)
                if (c != fc(row, col)) {
                    *ip++ = c;
                    csum[row][col][colcount] = 1.f / sum[c];
                    colcount ++;
                }
        }

#ifdef _OPENMP
    #pragma omp parallel
#endif
    {
        int firstRow = -1;
        int lastRow = -1;
#ifdef _OPENMP
        // note, static scheduling is important in this implementation
        #pragma omp for schedule(static)
#endif

        for (int ii = 0; ii < H; ii++) {
            if (firstRow == -1) {
                firstRow = ii;
            }
            lastRow = ii;
            for (int jj = 0; jj < W; jj++) {
                image[ii * W + jj][fc(ii, jj)] = rawData[ii][jj];
            }
            if (ii - 1 > firstRow) {
                int row = ii - 1;
                for (int col = 1; col < width - 1; col++) {
                    float * pix = image[row * width + col];
                    int * ip = lcode[row & 15][col & 15];
                    float sum[4] = {};

                    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++, ip += 2) {
                        sum[ip[1]] += pix[ip[0]] * mul[row & 15][col & 15][i];
                    }

                    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < colors - 1; i++, ip++) {
                        pix[ip[0]] = sum[ip[0]] * csum[row & 15][col & 15][i];
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // now all rows are processed except the first and last row of each chunk
        // let's process them now but skip row 0 and row H - 1
        if (firstRow > 0 && firstRow < H - 1) {
            const int row = firstRow;
            for (int col = 1; col < width - 1; col++) {
                float * pix = image[row * width + col];
                int * ip = lcode[row & 15][col & 15];
                float sum[4] = {};

                for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++, ip += 2) {
                    sum[ip[1]] += pix[ip[0]] * mul[row & 15][col & 15][i];
                }

                for (unsigned int i = 0; i < colors - 1; i++, ip++) {
                    pix[ip[0]] = sum[ip[0]] * csum[row & 15][col & 15][i];
                }
            }
        }

        if (lastRow > 0 && lastRow < H - 1) {
            const int row = lastRow;
            for (int col = 1; col < width - 1; col++) {
                float * pix = image[row * width + col];
                int * ip = lcode[row & 15][col & 15];
                float sum[4] = {};

                for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++, ip += 2) {
                    sum[ip[1]] += pix[ip[0]] * mul[row & 15][col & 15][i];
                }

                for (unsigned int i = 0; i < colors - 1; i++, ip++) {
                    pix[ip[0]] = sum[ip[0]] * csum[row & 15][col & 15][i];
                }
            }
        }
    }

    constexpr int prow = 7, pcol = 1;
    int32_t *code[8][2];
    int32_t * ip = (int32_t *) calloc ((prow + 1) * (pcol + 1), 1280);

    for (int row = 0; row <= prow; row++)   /* Precalculate for VNG */
        for (int col = 0; col <= pcol; col++) {
            code[row][col] = ip;
            cp = terms;
            for (int t = 0; t < 64; t++) {
                int y1 = *cp++;
                int x1 = *cp++;
                int y2 = *cp++;
                int x2 = *cp++;
                int weight = *cp++;
                int grads = *cp++;
                unsigned int color = fc(row + y1, col + x1);

                if (fc(row + y2, col + x2) != color) {
                    continue;
                }

                int diag = (fc(row, col + 1) == color && fc(row + 1, col) == color) ? 2 : 1;

                if (abs(y1 - y2) == diag && abs(x1 - x2) == diag) {
                    continue;
                }

                *ip++ = (y1 * width + x1) * 4 + color;
                *ip++ = (y2 * width + x2) * 4 + color;
#if defined(__SSE2__) || defined(RT_SIMDE)
                // at least on machines with SSE2 feature this cast is save
                *reinterpret_cast<float*>(ip++) = 1 << weight;
#else
                *ip++ = 1 << weight;
#endif
                for (int g = 0; g < 8; g++)
                    if (grads & (1 << g)) {
                        *ip++ = g;
                    }

                *ip++ = -1;
            }

            *ip++ = INT_MAX;

            cp = chood;
            for (int g = 0; g < 8; g++) {
                int y = *cp++;
                int x = *cp++;
                *ip++ = (y * width + x) * 4;
                unsigned int color = fc(row, col);

                if (fc(row + y, col + x) != color && fc(row + y * 2, col + x * 2) == color) {
                    *ip++ = (y * width + x) * 8 + color;
                } else {
                    *ip++ = 0;
                }
            }
        }

    if(plistenerActive) {
        progress = 0.2;
        plistener->setProgress (progress);
    }

#ifdef _OPENMP
    #pragma omp parallel
#endif
    {
        constexpr int progressStep = 64;
        const double progressInc = (1.0 - progress) / ((height - 2) / progressStep);
        int firstRow = -1;
        int lastRow = -1;
#ifdef _OPENMP
        // note, static scheduling is important in this implementation
        #pragma omp for schedule(static)
#endif

        for (int row = 2; row < height - 2; row++) {    /* Do VNG interpolation */
            if (firstRow == -1) {
                firstRow = row;
            }
            lastRow = row;
            for (int col = 2; col < width - 2; col++) {
                float * pix = image[row * width + col];
                int color = fc(row, col);
                int32_t * ip = code[row & prow][col & pcol];
                float gval[8] = {};

                while (ip[0] != INT_MAX) {        /* Calculate gradients */
#if defined(__SSE2__) || defined(RT_SIMDE)
                    // at least on machines with SSE2 feature this cast is save and saves a lot of int => float conversions
                    const float diff = std::fabs(pix[ip[0]] - pix[ip[1]]) * reinterpret_cast<float*>(ip)[2];
#else
                    const float diff = std::fabs(pix[ip[0]] - pix[ip[1]]) * ip[2];
#endif
                    gval[ip[3]] += diff;
                    ip += 5;
                    if (UNLIKELY(ip[-1] != -1)) {
                        gval[ip[-1]] += diff;
                        ip++;
                    }
                }
                ip++;

                const float thold = rtengine::min(gval[0], gval[1], gval[2], gval[3], gval[4], gval[5], gval[6], gval[7])
                                  + rtengine::max(gval[0], gval[1], gval[2], gval[3], gval[4], gval[5], gval[6], gval[7]) * 0.5f;

                float sum0 = 0.f;
                float sum1 = 0.f;
                const float greenval = pix[color];
                int num = 0;

                if(color & 1) {
                    color ^= 2;
                    for (int g = 0; g < 8; g++, ip += 2) {  /* Average the neighbors */
                        if (gval[g] <= thold) {
                            if(ip[1]) {
                                sum0 += greenval + pix[ip[1]];
                            }

                            sum1 += pix[ip[0] + color];
                            num++;
                        }
                    }
                    sum0 *= 0.5f;
                } else {
                    for (int g = 0; g < 8; g++, ip += 2) {  /* Average the neighbors */
                        if (gval[g] <= thold) {
                            if(ip[1]) {
                                sum0 += greenval + pix[ip[1]];
                            }

                            sum1 += pix[ip[0] + 1] + pix[ip[0] + 3];
                            num++;
                        }
                    }
                }
                green[row][col] = std::max(0.f, greenval + (sum1 - sum0) / (2 * num));
            }
            if (row - 1 > firstRow) {
                vng4interpolate_row_redblue(ri, rawData, red[row - 1], blue[row - 1], green[row - 2], green[row - 1], green[row], row - 1, W);
            }

            if(plistenerActive) {
                if((row % progressStep) == 0)
#ifdef _OPENMP
                    #pragma omp critical (updateprogress)
#endif
                {
                    progress += progressInc;
                    plistener->setProgress (progress);
                }
            }
        }

        if (firstRow > 2 && firstRow < H - 3) {
            vng4interpolate_row_redblue(ri, rawData, red[firstRow], blue[firstRow], green[firstRow - 1], green[firstRow], green[firstRow + 1], firstRow, W);
        }

        if (lastRow > 2 && lastRow < H - 3) {
            vng4interpolate_row_redblue(ri, rawData, red[lastRow], blue[lastRow], green[lastRow - 1], green[lastRow], green[lastRow + 1], lastRow, W);
        }
#ifdef _OPENMP
        #pragma omp single
#endif
        {
            // let the first thread, which is out of work, do the border interpolation
            border_interpolate(W, H, 3, rawData, red, green, blue);
        }
    }

    free (code[0][0]);
    free (image);

    if(plistenerActive) {
        plistener->setProgress (1.0);
    }
}
}
