/*****************************************************************************

Copyright (c) 2005, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; version 2 of the License.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Suite 500, Boston, MA 02110-1335 USA

*****************************************************************************/

/**************************************************//**
@file include/row0merge.h
Index build routines using a merge sort

Created 13/06/2005 Jan Lindstrom
*******************************************************/

#ifndef row0merge_h
#define row0merge_h

#include "univ.i"
#include "data0data.h"
#include "dict0types.h"
#include "trx0types.h"
#include "que0types.h"
#include "mtr0mtr.h"
#include "rem0types.h"
#include "rem0rec.h"
#include "read0types.h"
#include "btr0types.h"
#include "row0mysql.h"
#include "lock0types.h"
#include "srv0srv.h"

// Forward declaration
struct ib_sequence_t;

/** @brief Block size for I/O operations in merge sort.

The minimum is UNIV_PAGE_SIZE, or page_get_free_space_of_empty()
rounded to a power of 2.

When not creating a PRIMARY KEY that contains column prefixes, this
can be set as small as UNIV_PAGE_SIZE / 2. */
typedef byte	row_merge_block_t;

/** @brief Secondary buffer for I/O operations of merge records.

This buffer is used for writing or reading a record that spans two
row_merge_block_t.  Thus, it must be able to hold one merge record,
whose maximum size is the same as the minimum size of
row_merge_block_t. */
typedef byte	mrec_buf_t[UNIV_PAGE_SIZE_MAX];

/** @brief Merge record in row_merge_block_t.

The format is the same as a record in ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT with the
exception that the REC_N_NEW_EXTRA_BYTES are omitted. */
typedef byte	mrec_t;

/** Merge record in row_merge_buf_t */
struct mtuple_t {
	dfield_t*	fields;		/*!< data fields */
};

/** Buffer for sorting in main memory. */
struct row_merge_buf_t {
	mem_heap_t*	heap;		/*!< memory heap where allocated */
	dict_index_t*	index;		/*!< the index the tuples belong to */
	ulint		total_size;	/*!< total amount of data bytes */
	ulint		n_tuples;	/*!< number of data tuples */
	ulint		max_tuples;	/*!< maximum number of data tuples */
	mtuple_t*	tuples;		/*!< array of data tuples */
	mtuple_t*	tmp_tuples;	/*!< temporary copy of tuples,
					for sorting */
};

/** Information about temporary files used in merge sort */
struct merge_file_t {
	int		fd;		/*!< file descriptor */
	ulint		offset;		/*!< file offset (end of file) */
	ib_uint64_t	n_rec;		/*!< number of records in the file */
};

/** Index field definition */
struct index_field_t {
	ulint		col_no;		/*!< column offset */
	ulint		prefix_len;	/*!< column prefix length, or 0
					if indexing the whole column */
};

/** Definition of an index being created */
struct index_def_t {
	const char*	name;		/*!< index name */
	ulint		ind_type;	/*!< 0, DICT_UNIQUE,
					or DICT_CLUSTERED */
	ulint		key_number;	/*!< MySQL key number,
					or ULINT_UNDEFINED if none */
	ulint		n_fields;	/*!< number of fields in index */
	index_field_t*	fields;		/*!< field definitions */
};

/** Structure for reporting duplicate records. */
struct row_merge_dup_t {
	dict_index_t*		index;	/*!< index being sorted */
	struct TABLE*		table;	/*!< MySQL table object */
	const ulint*		col_map;/*!< mapping of column numbers
					in table to the rebuilt table
					(index->table), or NULL if not
					rebuilding table */
	ulint			n_dup;	/*!< number of duplicates */
};

/*************************************************************//**
Report a duplicate key. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
row_merge_dup_report(
/*=================*/
	row_merge_dup_t*	dup,	/*!< in/out: for reporting duplicates */
	const dfield_t*		entry)	/*!< in: duplicate index entry */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Sets an exclusive lock on a table, for the duration of creating indexes.
@return	error code or DB_SUCCESS */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
row_merge_lock_table(
/*=================*/
	trx_t*		trx,		/*!< in/out: transaction */
	dict_table_t*	table,		/*!< in: table to lock */
	enum lock_mode	mode)		/*!< in: LOCK_X or LOCK_S */
	__attribute__((nonnull, warn_unused_result));
/*********************************************************************//**
Drop indexes that were created before an error occurred.
The data dictionary must have been locked exclusively by the caller,
because the transaction will not be committed. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
row_merge_drop_indexes_dict(
/*========================*/
	trx_t*		trx,	/*!< in/out: dictionary transaction */
	table_id_t	table_id)/*!< in: table identifier */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Drop those indexes which were created before an error occurred.
The data dictionary must have been locked exclusively by the caller,
because the transaction will not be committed. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
row_merge_drop_indexes(
/*===================*/
	trx_t*		trx,	/*!< in/out: transaction */
	dict_table_t*	table,	/*!< in/out: table containing the indexes */
	ibool		locked)	/*!< in: TRUE=table locked,
				FALSE=may need to do a lazy drop */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Drop all partially created indexes during crash recovery. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
row_merge_drop_temp_indexes(void);
/*=============================*/

/*********************************************************************//**
Creates temporary merge files, and if UNIV_PFS_IO defined, register
the file descriptor with Performance Schema.
@return File descriptor */
UNIV_INTERN
int
row_merge_file_create_low(void)
/*===========================*/
	__attribute__((warn_unused_result));
/*********************************************************************//**
Destroy a merge file. And de-register the file from Performance Schema
if UNIV_PFS_IO is defined. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
row_merge_file_destroy_low(
/*=======================*/
	int		fd);	/*!< in: merge file descriptor */

/*********************************************************************//**
Provide a new pathname for a table that is being renamed if it belongs to
a file-per-table tablespace.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
memory allocated for the return value.
@return	new pathname of tablespace file, or NULL if space = 0 */
UNIV_INTERN
char*
row_make_new_pathname(
/*==================*/
	dict_table_t*	table,		/*!< in: table to be renamed */
	const char*	new_name);	/*!< in: new name */
/*********************************************************************//**
Rename the tables in the data dictionary.  The data dictionary must
have been locked exclusively by the caller, because the transaction
will not be committed.
@return	error code or DB_SUCCESS */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
row_merge_rename_tables_dict(
/*=========================*/
	dict_table_t*	old_table,	/*!< in/out: old table, renamed to
					tmp_name */
	dict_table_t*	new_table,	/*!< in/out: new table, renamed to
					old_table->name */
	const char*	tmp_name,	/*!< in: new name for old_table */
	trx_t*		trx)		/*!< in/out: dictionary transaction */
	__attribute__((nonnull, warn_unused_result));

/*********************************************************************//**
Rename an index in the dictionary that was created. The data
dictionary must have been locked exclusively by the caller, because
the transaction will not be committed.
@return	DB_SUCCESS if all OK */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
row_merge_rename_index_to_add(
/*==========================*/
	trx_t*		trx,		/*!< in/out: transaction */
	table_id_t	table_id,	/*!< in: table identifier */
	index_id_t	index_id)	/*!< in: index identifier */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Rename an index in the dictionary that is to be dropped. The data
dictionary must have been locked exclusively by the caller, because
the transaction will not be committed.
@return	DB_SUCCESS if all OK */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
row_merge_rename_index_to_drop(
/*===========================*/
	trx_t*		trx,		/*!< in/out: transaction */
	table_id_t	table_id,	/*!< in: table identifier */
	index_id_t	index_id)	/*!< in: index identifier */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Create the index and load in to the dictionary.
@return	index, or NULL on error */
UNIV_INTERN
dict_index_t*
row_merge_create_index(
/*===================*/
	trx_t*			trx,	/*!< in/out: trx (sets error_state) */
	dict_table_t*		table,	/*!< in: the index is on this table */
	const index_def_t*	index_def);
					/*!< in: the index definition */
/*********************************************************************//**
Check if a transaction can use an index.
@return	TRUE if index can be used by the transaction else FALSE */
UNIV_INTERN
ibool
row_merge_is_index_usable(
/*======================*/
	const trx_t*		trx,	/*!< in: transaction */
	const dict_index_t*	index);	/*!< in: index to check */
/*********************************************************************//**
Drop a table. The caller must have ensured that the background stats
thread is not processing the table. This can be done by calling
dict_stats_wait_bg_to_stop_using_table() after locking the dictionary and
before calling this function.
@return	DB_SUCCESS or error code */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
row_merge_drop_table(
/*=================*/
	trx_t*		trx,		/*!< in: transaction */
	dict_table_t*	table)		/*!< in: table instance to drop */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Build indexes on a table by reading a clustered index,
creating a temporary file containing index entries, merge sorting
these index entries and inserting sorted index entries to indexes.
@return	DB_SUCCESS or error code */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
row_merge_build_indexes(
/*====================*/
	trx_t*		trx,		/*!< in: transaction */
	dict_table_t*	old_table,	/*!< in: table where rows are
					read from */
	dict_table_t*	new_table,	/*!< in: table where indexes are
					created; identical to old_table
					unless creating a PRIMARY KEY */
	bool		online,		/*!< in: true if creating indexes
					online */
	dict_index_t**	indexes,	/*!< in: indexes to be created */
	const ulint*	key_numbers,	/*!< in: MySQL key numbers */
	ulint		n_indexes,	/*!< in: size of indexes[] */
	struct TABLE*	table,		/*!< in/out: MySQL table, for
					reporting erroneous key value
					if applicable */
	const dtuple_t*	add_cols,	/*!< in: default values of
					added columns, or NULL */
	const ulint*	col_map,	/*!< in: mapping of old column
					numbers to new ones, or NULL
					if old_table == new_table */
	ulint		add_autoinc,	/*!< in: number of added
					AUTO_INCREMENT column, or
					ULINT_UNDEFINED if none is added */
	ib_sequence_t&	sequence)	/*!< in/out: autoinc sequence */
	__attribute__((nonnull(1,2,3,5,6,8), warn_unused_result));
/********************************************************************//**
Write a buffer to a block. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
row_merge_buf_write(
/*================*/
	const row_merge_buf_t*	buf,	/*!< in: sorted buffer */
	const merge_file_t*	of,	/*!< in: output file */
	row_merge_block_t*	block)	/*!< out: buffer for writing to file */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/********************************************************************//**
Sort a buffer. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
row_merge_buf_sort(
/*===============*/
	row_merge_buf_t*	buf,	/*!< in/out: sort buffer */
	row_merge_dup_t*	dup)	/*!< in/out: reporter of duplicates
					(NULL if non-unique index) */
	__attribute__((nonnull(1)));
/********************************************************************//**
Write a merge block to the file system.
@return TRUE if request was successful, FALSE if fail */
UNIV_INTERN
ibool
row_merge_write(
/*============*/
	int		fd,	/*!< in: file descriptor */
	ulint		offset,	/*!< in: offset where to write,
				in number of row_merge_block_t elements */
	const void*	buf);	/*!< in: data */
/********************************************************************//**
Empty a sort buffer.
@return sort buffer */
UNIV_INTERN
row_merge_buf_t*
row_merge_buf_empty(
/*================*/
	row_merge_buf_t*	buf)	/*!< in,own: sort buffer */
	__attribute__((warn_unused_result, nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Create a merge file.
@return file descriptor, or -1 on failure */
UNIV_INTERN
int
row_merge_file_create(
/*==================*/
	merge_file_t*	merge_file)	/*!< out: merge file structure */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Merge disk files.
@return DB_SUCCESS or error code */
UNIV_INTERN
dberr_t
row_merge_sort(
/*===========*/
	trx_t*			trx,	/*!< in: transaction */
	const row_merge_dup_t*	dup,	/*!< in: descriptor of
					index being created */
	merge_file_t*		file,	/*!< in/out: file containing
					index entries */
	row_merge_block_t*	block,	/*!< in/out: 3 buffers */
	int*			tmpfd)	/*!< in/out: temporary file handle */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Allocate a sort buffer.
@return own: sort buffer */
UNIV_INTERN
row_merge_buf_t*
row_merge_buf_create(
/*=================*/
	dict_index_t*	index)	/*!< in: secondary index */
	__attribute__((warn_unused_result, nonnull, malloc));
/*********************************************************************//**
Deallocate a sort buffer. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
row_merge_buf_free(
/*===============*/
	row_merge_buf_t*	buf)	/*!< in,own: sort buffer to be freed */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/*********************************************************************//**
Destroy a merge file. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
row_merge_file_destroy(
/*===================*/
	merge_file_t*	merge_file)	/*!< in/out: merge file structure */
	__attribute__((nonnull));
/********************************************************************//**
Read a merge block from the file system.
@return TRUE if request was successful, FALSE if fail */
UNIV_INTERN
ibool
row_merge_read(
/*===========*/
	int			fd,	/*!< in: file descriptor */
	ulint			offset,	/*!< in: offset where to read
					in number of row_merge_block_t
					elements */
	row_merge_block_t*	buf);	/*!< out: data */
/********************************************************************//**
Read a merge record.
@return pointer to next record, or NULL on I/O error or end of list */
UNIV_INTERN
const byte*
row_merge_read_rec(
/*===============*/
	row_merge_block_t*	block,	/*!< in/out: file buffer */
	mrec_buf_t*		buf,	/*!< in/out: secondary buffer */
	const byte*		b,	/*!< in: pointer to record */
	const dict_index_t*	index,	/*!< in: index of the record */
	int			fd,	/*!< in: file descriptor */
	ulint*			foffs,	/*!< in/out: file offset */
	const mrec_t**		mrec,	/*!< out: pointer to merge record,
					or NULL on end of list
					(non-NULL on I/O error) */
	ulint*			offsets)/*!< out: offsets of mrec */
	__attribute__((nonnull, warn_unused_result));
#endif /* row0merge.h */
